Every blood test, explained in plain English

425 tests. Written by a UK consultant physician. Typical UK adult reference ranges; your laboratory's own printed range takes precedence.

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Kidney

Creatinine eGFR Urea Cystatin C Urate eGFR (cystatin C)

Salts and minerals

Sodium Potassium Chloride Bicarbonate Magnesium Phosphate Anion gap Serum osmolality

Liver

ALT AST Alkaline phosphatase GGT Bilirubin (total)Conjugated bilirubin Albumin Total protein Globulin Bile acids Ammonia Alpha-1 antitrypsin Caeruloplasmin ELF score (liver fibrosis)

Bone and calcium

Calcium Adjusted calcium Parathyroid hormone Vitamin D (25-hydroxy)Vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxy)Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase CTX (beta-CrossLaps)P1NP Bone density T-score Bone density Z-score

Cholesterol and fats

Total cholesterol HDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol Non-HDL cholesterol Triglycerides Cholesterol/HDL ratio Apolipoprotein A1 Apolipoprotein B Lipoprotein(a)Omega-3 index

Blood sugar and diabetes

GAD antibodies IA-2 antibodies Zinc transporter 8 antibodies Islet cell antibodies Glucose (random)Fasting glucose HbA1c HbA1c %Fasting insulin C-peptide Fructosamine Glucose tolerance test, 2 hour glucose Blood ketones

Full blood count

Haemoglobin Haematocrit Red cell count Mean cell volume Mean cell haemoglobin Mean cell haemoglobin concentration Red cell distribution width White cell count Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils Platelets Mean platelet volume

Other blood cell tests

Reticulocytes Reticulocyte haemoglobin Reticulocyte percentage Haptoglobin G6PD Haemoglobin A2 Haemoglobin F Sickle cell screen Haemoglobin electrophoresis Erythropoietin Direct antiglobulin test Blood film

Clotting

Prothrombin time Von Willebrand factor antigen Factor VIII activity INR APTT APTT ratio Fibrinogen D-dimer Thrombin time Anti-Xa level Lupus anticoagulant Antithrombin Protein C Protein S Factor V Leiden

Iron, B12 and folate

Ferritin Iron Transferrin Total iron binding capacity Transferrin saturation Soluble transferrin receptor Vitamin B12 Active B12 Folate Red cell folate Methylmalonic acid Intrinsic factor antibody Parietal cell antibody

Thyroid

Reverse T3 TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)Free T4 (thyroxine)Free T3 (tri-iodothyronine)Total T4 (total thyroxine)Total T3 (total tri-iodothyronine)Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO)Thyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg)Thyroglobulin TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb)Calcitonin

Reproductive hormones

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)LH (luteinising hormone)Oestradiol Progesterone Testosterone (total)Free testosterone SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin)Free androgen index (FAI)Prolactin AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone)DHEA-sulphate (DHEA-S)Androstenedione 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP)hCG (serum, quantitative)Inhibin B

Fertility and pregnancy

Oestrone HPV test (cervical screening)Cervical cytology Semen volume Sperm concentration Total sperm count Sperm motility (total)Sperm progressive motility Sperm morphology (normal forms)Anti-sperm antibodies Post-vasectomy semen test Pregnancy glucose tolerance test (fasting)Antenatal red cell antibody screen PAPP-A (first trimester screening)Group B streptococcus screen

Adrenal, pituitary and other hormones

Cortisol, 30 minutes after Synacthen Cortisol after overnight dexamethasone Late-night salivary cortisol Macroprolactin Urine metanephrines (24 hour)Urine 5-HIAA (24 hour)Cortisol (serum, 9am)ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone)Growth hormone (GH)IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1)Aldosterone Renin Aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR)Plasma metanephrine Plasma normetanephrine Gastrin

Inflammation and immune system

CRP High-sensitivity CRP ESR Plasma viscosity Procalcitonin IgG IgA IgM Complement C3 Complement C4 Rheumatoid factor Anti-CCP antibodies Anti-Ro (SSA) antibodies Anti-La (SSB) antibodies Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)Anti-Sm antibodies Anti-dsDNA antibodies Anti-RNP antibodies ENA screen ANCA Anti-Scl-70 antibodies Anti-Jo-1 antibodies Tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA)Anti-centromere antibodies Endomysial antibody HLA-B27 MPO-ANCA Kappa free light chains PR3-ANCA Anti-GBM antibodies Lambda free light chains Anti-PLA2R antibodies Kappa/lambda ratio Anti-mitochondrial antibodies Serum protein electrophoresis Anti-smooth muscle antibodies Beta-2 microglobulin Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)Anti-LKM antibodies Acetylcholine receptor antibodies Anti-MuSK antibodies Adrenal antibodies Tissue transglutaminase IgG Deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies Cryoglobulins Anticardiolipin IgG Anticardiolipin IgM Beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies IgG1 subclass IgG2 subclass IgG3 subclass IgG4 subclass Total complement (CH50)C1 esterase inhibitor

Heart

Troponin T (high sensitivity)Troponin I (high sensitivity)NT-proBNP BNP CK-MB Homocysteine

Vitamins and trace elements

Vitamin A (retinol)Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)Vitamin B1 (thiamine)Vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5-phosphate)Vitamin C (ascorbate)Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)Zinc Copper Selenium Iodine Lead (blood)Mercury (blood)Arsenic (urine)Cadmium (blood)Chromium (blood)Manganese (blood)

Pancreas and muscle enzymes

Amylase Lipase Creatine kinase Lactate dehydrogenase

Tumour markers

PSA (total)PSA (free)Free to total PSA ratio CEA CA 125 CA 19-9 CA 15-3 Alpha-fetoprotein HE4 Chromogranin A

Urine tests

Stool tests

Faecal calprotectin Faecal immunochemical test (FIT)Faecal elastase Helicobacter pylori stool antigen Stool culture Clostridioides difficile toxin

Blood gases

Blood gas pH pCO2 pO2 Bicarbonate (blood gas)Base excess Lactate Oxygen saturation (blood gas)Carboxyhaemoglobin Methaemoglobin

Infection and immunity tests

Allergy

Medicine levels

Transplant monitoring

BK virus PCR CMV viral load EBV viral load Donor-derived cell-free DNA Donor-specific antibodies

Breathing tests

FEV1 FVC FEV1/FVC ratio FEV1 % predicted Peak expiratory flow Gas transfer (TLCO)Gas transfer per litre (KCO)Exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)Apnoea-hypopnoea index Oxygen desaturation index Mean overnight oxygen saturation Minimum overnight oxygen saturation

Genetic tests

JAK2 V617F mutation Prothrombin gene variant HFE (haemochromatosis) genotype MTHFR variant TPMT genotype DPYD genotype HLA-DQ2/DQ8 (coeliac genetics)Karyotype Blood group and antibody screen

Measurements

Blood pressure (systolic)Blood pressure (diastolic)Heart rate Weight Height Body mass index Waist circumference Oxygen saturation (finger probe)Temperature

This is an educational summary of results you uploaded. It is not medical advice, a diagnosis or a treatment plan, and it does not replace the doctor who requested the test. If you are worried, or a result is marked outside range, discuss it with your doctor. Written and reviewed by a UK consultant physician. Reference ranges vary between laboratories.